Aims: (1) Design a new serovar 3, 6, 8 and apxIV multiplex PCR (mPCR) that eliminates a double banding pattern found in some serovar 6 Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae (APP) clinical isolates when our original PCR1 is used; and (2) Extend the mPCR to detect serovars 1, 2, 5, 7, 10, and 12.
Methods: Complete capsule loci for APP serovar 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 7, 10 and 12 strains were obtained from Genbank. Genome sequence data was generated for a double-banding serovar 6 isolate (MIDG2472) and for serovar 8 strain 405. Capsule loci were identified by BLAST and unique sequences were identified for generation of serovar-specific primers. These were combined with an apxIV primer pair in a mPCR whose specificity was tested using an extensive collection of APP and control strains.
Results : Only 3 APP isolates, previously serotyped as serovars 1 and 7, did not give the predicted serovar-specific amplicon. Two isolates produced only the apxIV amplicon, indicating that they may be one of the serovars not included in the mPCR. The other previously designated serovar 7 isolate amplified serovar 12-specific and apxIV PCR products. Only 5/352 APP isolates (all serovar 1) failed to amplify the apxIV band, although the presence of the gene was confirmed using a different set of primers. All other APP isolates amplified the predicted serovar-specific and apxIV amplicons. No amplification products were obtained from other bacterial pig pathogens or commensals.
Conclusion: The new mPCR was highly specific for the 9 serovars of APP tested.
Acknowledgements
This work was supported by a Longer and Larger (LoLa) grant from the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (grant numbers BB/G020744/1, BB/G019177/1, BB/G019274/1 and BB/G003203/1), the UK Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs and Zoetis awarded to the Bacterial Respiratory Diseases of Pigs-1 Technology (BRaDP1T) consortium.